• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a hubcap wheel of a vehicle, including automotive. According to the invention, a shape memory actuator device (4) comprises at least one shape memory material blade, the opposite ends of which are secured respectively to the hubcap body (1) and to a shutter flap ( 3), and in that the shape memory blade is bent under the action of raising the temperature in the vicinity of the blade to exert a bending force to pivot the shutter (3) relative to the body of the hubcap (1) around a pivot axis of the shutter flap (3) to an open position of the embellishment of the hubcap (1). The invention finds its application in the field of the automotive industry.
    公开号:FR3057807A1
    申请号:FR1660375
    申请日:2016-10-26
    公开日:2018-04-27
    发明作者:Eric Palpacuer；Julien Favre
    申请人:Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Holder (s): PEUGEOT CITROEN AUTOMOBILES SA Société anonyme.
    Extension request (s)
    Agent (s): PEUGEOT CITROEN AUTOMOBILES SA Public limited company.
    (04) WHEEL COVER FOR A VEHICLE, PARTICULARLY A MOTOR VEHICLE.
    FR 3 057 807 - A1 _ The invention relates to a wheel cover of a vehicle, in particular an automobile.
    According to the invention, a shape memory actuator device (4) comprises at least one blade made of shape memory material, the opposite ends of which are secured respectively to the hubcap body (1) and to a shutter ( 3), and in that the shape memory blade curves under the action of the rise in temperature in the vicinity of the blade to exert a bending force to pivot the shutter (3) relative to the body of the hubcap (1) about a pivot axis of the shutter (3) in an open position of the embellishment of the hubcap (1).
    The invention finds its application in the field of the automobile industry.
    WHEEL COVER OF A VEHICLE, PARTICULARLY A MOTOR VEHICLE [001] The invention relates to a wheel cover with variable geometry of a vehicle, especially a motor vehicle. By variable geometry is meant the variation in the openwork area of the hubcap as a function of the ambient temperature prevailing in the space formed between the wheel and the hubcap.
    Aerodynamic hub caps are known, having a relatively small open area to limit aerodynamic drag, but which have the drawback of not cooling the braking members e optimally. Conversely, there are known hubcaps having large openings of hubcaps to cool the braking members effectively, but which on the other hand have unfavorable aerodynamic characteristics.
    DE 10 2011 117 088 describes a wheel cover, in one piece and made of plastic, which comprises a cover body with an opening, a flap hinged on one side of the opening and an actuating element. One end of the actuator is coupled to the body of the hubcap and the other end of the actuator is coupled to the flap. The actuating element comprises a bimetallic strip, an elastic element and a shortening element made of a temperature memory alloy which reacts to the temperature, so as to close the hubcap to optimize aerodynamics and open the covers of the hubcap when the brakes go up in temperature to cool them.
    However, although offering a compromise between low aerodynamic drag and effective cooling of the braking members, the design of this hubcap remains complex and expensive.
    The present invention aims to overcome the above drawbacks of the prior art.
    To achieve this object, the invention relates to a wheel cover comprising a wheel cover body intended to cover a vehicle wheel, in particular a motor vehicle, and comprising at least an openwork of the wheel cover, a shutter shutter of the embellishment of the hubcap pivotally mounted on the body of the hubcap between two positions respectively of closing and opening of the embellishment of the hubcap to allow the passage of cooling air through the perforation of hubcap, and an actuator device with shape memory interposed between the hubcap body and the shutter so that, under the action of the rise in temperature in the vicinity of the actuator device, the latter pivotally drives the shutter towards its open position of the embellishment of the embellishment, the shape memory actuator device comprising at least one blade of shape memory material, the ends of which are opposite ities are secured respectively to the hubcap body and the shutter, and the shape memory blade bending under the action of the rise in temperature in the vicinity of the blade to exert a bending force to make pivot the shutter relative to the body of the hubcap about a pivot axis of the shutter to its open position of the embellishment of the hubcap.
    In another feature, the shutter in its open position of the embellishment of the hubcap forms an opening angle of about ten degrees with a plane in which extends the body of the hubcap .
    In another feature, the wheel cover includes several cover openings arranged radially and distributed circumferentially at a constant angular pitch, each cover openings being provided with a shutter for closing the openwork.
    In another feature, the hubcap includes an elastically deformable member interposed between the shutter and the body of the hubcap and exerting a force between the shutter and the body of the hubcap to bring the shutter towards its closed position when the bending force exerted by the actuator device gradually decreases under the effect of the lowering of the temperature in the vicinity of the actuator device.
    In another feature, the elastic member comprises at least one leaf spring secured to the shape memory blade and tensioned by the shape memory blade curved under the action of the rise in temperature. in the vicinity of the blade, the leaf spring being able to exert an effort to return the shutter flap to its closed position of the embellishment of the hubcap when the bending force exerted by the shape memory blade decreases gradually under the effect of the lowering of the temperature in the vicinity of the shape memory blade.
    In another feature, the hubcap body comprises a yoke, the two branches of which respectively support two coaxial axes of pivoting of the shutter, and in that the shutter comprises a stirrup, the two branches of which are integral with the shutter and are crossed respectively by the two pivot axes integral with the two branches of the yoke, so that the legs of the stirrup can pivot around these two pivot axes, the ends of the memory blade of form being secured respectively to the core of the stirrup of the shutter flap and to the core of the yoke of the hubcap body.
    In another feature, the hubcap body includes at each aperture a stopper extending perpendicular to the plane in which extends the hubcap body and against which an edge of the shutter is adapted to come into abutment to stop the pivoting of the shutter and limit the opening angle of this shutter.
    The invention also relates to a motor vehicle of which at least one wheel comprises a hub cap as described above.
    The invention will be better understood, and other objects, characteristics, details and advantages thereof will appear more clearly in the explanatory description which follows, made with reference to the appended drawings given solely by way of example illustrating a embodiment of the invention and in which:
    - Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the hubcap of the invention, the shutter shutters being in the closed position of the openings of the hubcap;
    - Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the hubcap of Figure 1, the shutters being in the open position of the trim openings;
    - Figure 3 shows an enlarged detail of the hubcap of Figure 1, showing a shutter shutter in the closed position of the aperture of the corresponding hubcap;
    - Figure 4 shows an enlarged detail of the hubcap of Figure 2, showing a shutter in the open position of the opening of the corresponding hubcap cutout.
    Referring to the figures, the wheel cover of a motor vehicle will now be described.
    The wheel cover, preferably made of polyamide, comprises a cover body in the general shape of a disc designated by the general reference 1 and which is placed on the outside of a vehicle wheel. More specifically, the hubcap body 1 is fixed to the rim of the vehicle wheel by means of circumferential mounting lugs. The reference 11 designates the inner face of the hubcap body 1, therefore the face facing the interior of the vehicle.
    The wheel is provided with wheel openings distributed over at least one sector of the wheel and equidistant from the center of the latter.
    By way of nonlimiting example and as shown in the figures, the trim body 1 can be provided with five trim openings, collectively referenced 2. These trim openings 2 are equidistant from the center of the hubcap body 1, and are distributed circumferentially at a constant angular pitch on the hubcap body
    1.
    Each embellishment of hubcap 2 comprises a shutter 3 of said perforation 2, pivotally mounted on the hubcap body 1 between an open position of the aperture of the corresponding hubcap 2 and a closed position of this aperture 2. The shutter flaps 3 are further mounted on the inner face 11 of the hubcap body 1. As best shown in Figures 3 and 4, each shutter flap 3 is pivotally mounted towards the inside of the wheel around a pivot axis XX ′.
    The hubcap comprises, for each shutter 3, an actuator device 4 which is intended to rotate the shutter 3 on its pivot axis XX 'towards its open position to open the openwork of hubcap 2 when the ambient temperature near the actuator device 4 increases.
    The actuator device 4 is made of a shape memory material, for example a polymer material, but preferably a metal material or alloy with shape memory, so that, under the action of the elevation of the temperature in the vicinity of this actuator device 4, the latter deforms and pivotally drives the corresponding shutter 3 towards its open position of the aperture of the corresponding hubcap 2. In fact, a sample of a metallic alloy with shape memory, such as for example Nickel-Titanium or Copper-Nickel-Titanium, or even Copper-Nickel-Aluminum, can undergo at low temperature an apparently plastic deformation of a few percent and fully recover its given initial shape at high temperature, by simple heating of this sample above a predetermined temperature.
    To prevent the shutter 3 in the open position from touching the wheel on which the hubcap is mounted, the hubcap body 1 comprises a stop 16 against which one of the edges of the shutter 3, preferably the edge furthest from the center of the hubcap, comes into abutment when the angle formed between the plane in which extends the hubcap body 1 and the shutter 3 exceeds a predetermined value, preferably on the order of ten degrees.
    According to the invention, the actuator device 4 with shape memory comprises at least one blade made of shape memory material 5, the opposite ends of which are integral with the trim body 1 and the shutter 3, respectively. , as shown in the figures, the actuator device 4 comprises three shape memory blades 5. Each shape memory blade 5 curves under the action of the rise in temperature in the vicinity of the blade 5 to exert a force bending to pivot the shutter 3 relative to the body of the hubcap 1 around the pivot axis X-X 'of the shutter 3 to its open position of the embellishment of the hubcap 2 Thus, when the temperature of the braking members exceeds a certain threshold, priority is given to the cooling of these braking members.
    According to the invention, each shutter 3 is pivotally mounted on a yoke 8 in the U shape of the hubcap body 1. In addition, each flap 3 comprises a stirrup 12 secured to the edge of the opposite flap 3 at the edge capable of coming to bear against the stop 16 described above. With reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, the branches 9 of the yoke 8 are engaged between the branches 13 of the stirrup 12 of the shutter 3. The two branches 9 of the yoke 8 respectively support two coaxial pivot axes 10, 11 of the shutter 3, each pivot axis 10, 11 projecting from the edge of the corresponding branch 9 of the yoke 8 located opposite the corresponding branch 13 of the stirrup 12 of the shutter 3, so that the free end of each pivot axis 10, 11 passes through the corresponding branch 13 of the stirrup 12 of the shutter 3. In this way, the branches 13 of the stirrup 12 can pivot around these two pivot axes 10, 11. Finally, the ends of each shape memory blade 5 are secured respectively to the core 14 of the stirrup 12 of the shutter 3 and the core 15 of the yoke 8 of the body wheel cover 1.
    Finally, so as to be able to deform the actuator device 4 when the temperature in the vicinity of this device decreases, and thus bring the corresponding shutter 3 to its closed position, the cover comprises an elastically deformable member 6 interposed between the shutter 3 and the cover body 1. More specifically, this elastically deformable member 6 comprises at least one leaf spring 7, one end of which is integral with the core 14 of the stirrup 12 of the component d shutter 3 and the other end of which is integral with the core 15 of the corresponding yoke 8 of the hubcap body 1. Preferably but not limited to, the hubcap comprises three of these leaf springs 7, each integral with one of the shape memory blades 5 by welding or gluing their respective faces. The number of these leaf springs 7 can be adjusted and depends on their stiffness and on the force which can be exerted by the shape memory blades 5 of the actuator device 4.
    When the temperature between the wheel and the hubcap increases, causing the shutter 3 to open, the leaf springs 7 bend and are tensioned by the action of the shape memory blades 5. When the temperature decreases, the force exerted by the shape memory blades 5 and opposing the force exerted by the leaf springs 7 decreases, so that the force exerted by these leaf springs 7 makes it possible to deform the shape memory blades 5 of the actuator device 4, and of bringing the obturation shutter 3 to its position of obturation of the openwork of the hubcap 2. Thus, when the braking members do not require cooling, priority is given to good aerodynamic drag of the hubcap.
    The wheel trim as described above therefore has an optimized aerodynamic drag while ensuring good cooling of the braking members. In addition, the hubcap according to the invention constitutes a simple and inexpensive technical solution in its production, and is economical due to the gain in CO 2 consumed thanks to the optimized aerodynamic drag.
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1]
    1. Wheel cover comprising a cover body (1) intended to cover a vehicle wheel, in particular a motor vehicle wheel, and comprising at least an openwork cover (2), a shutter shutter (3) of the openwork hubcap (2) pivotally mounted on the body of the hubcap (1) between two shutter and open positions of the hubcap opening (2) respectively to allow the passage of cooling air to the through the openwork of the hubcap (2), and a shape memory actuator device (4) interposed between the hubcap body (1) and the shutter (3) so that, under the action the rise in temperature in the vicinity of the actuator device (4), the latter pivots the shutter (3) towards its open position of the embellishment of the hubcap (2), characterized in that the shape memory actuator device (4) comprises at least one blade of memory material e in shape (5), the opposite ends of which are secured respectively to the hubcap body (1) and the shutter (3), and in that the shape memory blade (5) bends under the action the rise in temperature near the blade (5) to exert a bending force to pivot the shutter (3) relative to the body of the hubcap (1) about a pivot axis ( XX j of the shutter (3) in its open position of the embellishment of the hubcap (2).
    [2]
    2. Wheel cover according to claim 1, characterized in that the shutter (3) in its open position of the openwork of the wheel cover (2) forms an opening angle of about ten degrees with a plane in which the cover body extends (1).
    [3]
    3. Wheel cover according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises several cover cutouts (2) arranged radially and distributed circumferentially at a constant angular pitch, each cover cutout (2) being provided with a shutter (3) of the openwork (2).
    [4]
    4. Wheel cover according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises an elastically deformable member (6) interposed between the shutter (3) and the body of the cover (1) and exerting a force between the shutter flap (3) and the body of the hubcap (1) to bring the shutter flap (3) to its closed position when the bending force exerted by the actuator device ( 4) gradually decreases under the effect of the lowering of the temperature in the vicinity of the actuator device (4).
    [5]
    5. Wheel cover according to claim 4, characterized in that the elastic member (6) comprises at least one leaf spring (7) integral with the shape memory blade (5) and tensioned by the blade shape memory (5) curved under the action of the rise in temperature in the vicinity of the blade (5), the leaf spring (7) being capable of exerting a return force on the shutter (3) towards its closed position of the embellishment of the hubcap (2) when the bending force exerted by the shape memory blade (5) gradually decreases under the effect of the lowering of the temperature in the vicinity of the blade with shape memory (5).
    [6]
    6. Wheel cover according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the cover body (1) comprises a yoke (8) whose two arms (9) respectively support two coaxial pivot axes (10 , 11) of the shutter (3), and in that the shutter (3) comprises a stirrup (12) whose two branches (13) are integral with the shutter (3) and are crossed respectively by the two pivot axes (10, 11) integral with the two branches of the yoke (8), so that the branches (13) of the stirrup (12) can pivot around these two pivot axes (10, 11), the ends of the shape memory blade (5) being secured respectively to the core (14) of the stirrup (12) of the shutter shutter (3) and of the core (15) of the yoke ( 8) of the hubcap body (1).
    [7]
    7. Wheel cover according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the cover body (1) comprises at each aperture (2) a stop (16) extending perpendicular to the plane in which extends the cover body (1) and against which an edge of the shutter (3) is able to come to bear to stop the pivoting of the shutter (3) and limit the opening angle of this shutter (3).
    [8]
    8. Motor vehicle of which at least one wheel comprises a hubcap in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 7.
    1/3
    2/3
    3/3
    [9]
    10 4 15 5 8 6
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR3057807B1|2019-07-19|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    EP0145487A2|1983-12-14|1985-06-19|Kabushiki Kaisha Tokai Rika Denki Seisakusho|Apparatus for covering a disc wheel for motor vehicle|
    JPS61244601A|1985-04-22|1986-10-30|Kazuhiko Ida|Wheel for automobile|
    DE3816415A1|1988-05-13|1989-11-16|Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag|Vehicle brake with an air supply arrangement|
    JPH042502A|1990-04-17|1992-01-07|Toyoda Gosei Co Ltd|Wheel cap|
    DE102011117088A1|2011-10-27|2013-05-02|Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft|Wheel surface element, particularly wheel cover for wheel of passenger car, comprises cover body with opening, cover flap hinged on one side of opening, and actuating element, which has lower curvature between its primary and secondary ends|CN109895553A|2019-03-27|2019-06-18|王志强|A kind of Lightweight car wheel hub|
    FR3085305A1|2018-09-04|2020-03-06|Psa Automobiles Sa|COVER WITH VARIABLE PROFILE DEPENDING ON THE SPEED OF THE MOTOR VEHICLE|
    FR3100481A1|2019-09-09|2021-03-12|Psa Automobiles Sa|VEHICLE WHEEL TRIM, WITH DECLIPPABLE AIR PASSAGE OCCULATORDEPENDING ON THE TEMPERATURE|
    EP3758952B1|2018-02-28|2022-01-12|PSA Automobiles SA|Active wheel hub cap|
    法律状态:
    2017-09-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2018-04-27| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20180427 |
    2018-09-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2019-09-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2020-09-17| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2021-09-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1660375|2016-10-26|
    FR1660375A|FR3057807B1|2016-10-26|2016-10-26|WHEEL TRIM OF A VEHICLE, IN PARTICULAR A MOTOR VEHICLE|FR1660375A| FR3057807B1|2016-10-26|2016-10-26|WHEEL TRIM OF A VEHICLE, IN PARTICULAR A MOTOR VEHICLE|
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